September 19th
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
With reference to the Bar Council of India (BCI), consider the following statements:
1.The Bar Council of India was established by the Parliament under the Bar Council of India Act, 1961.
2.BCI has a statutory obligation of promoting and laying down standards of legal education in the country.
3.The Chairman of the Bar Council of India is nominated by the President of India.
How many of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Why this question—>Surprise inspections in law colleges: Madras High Court appreciates Bar Council of India – The Hindu
Statement 1 is incorrect—>The Bar Council of India (BCI) is a statutory body established under Section 4 of the Advocates Act, 1961. Statement 2 is correct—>BCI has a statutory obligation of promoting and laying down standards of legal education in the country. Statement 3 is incorrect—>The Bar council elects its chairman and vice-chairman for two years from amongst its members. Additional Information
Establishment of Bar Council of India
- Statutory, an autonomous body established under the Advocates Act, 1961.
- All India Bar Committee under Justice S.R. Das (1951): recommended the establishment of All India Bar Councils and State Bar Councils.
- Law Commission of India (1958): Recommended establishment of All India Bar Councils and State Bar Councils
- Nodal ministry: Ministry of Law and Justice ( Department of Legal Affairs) .
Composition of Bar Council of India
- Consists of both the elected as well as the ex-officio members.
- One member is elected by each SBC from amongst its members.
- Ex-Officio Members: The Attorney-General of India and the Solicitor-General of India are the ex-officio members.
- Chairman and Vice-Chairman: These are elected by the Council from amongst its members (tenure 2 years).
- Tenure: Members elected by an SBC shall be for the period for which he/she holds office as a member of that SBC.
- The members from the State Bar Councils are elected for five years.
Incorrect
Why this question—>Surprise inspections in law colleges: Madras High Court appreciates Bar Council of India – The Hindu
Statement 1 is incorrect—>The Bar Council of India (BCI) is a statutory body established under Section 4 of the Advocates Act, 1961. Statement 2 is correct—>BCI has a statutory obligation of promoting and laying down standards of legal education in the country. Statement 3 is incorrect—>The Bar council elects its chairman and vice-chairman for two years from amongst its members. Additional Information
Establishment of Bar Council of India
- Statutory, an autonomous body established under the Advocates Act, 1961.
- All India Bar Committee under Justice S.R. Das (1951): recommended the establishment of All India Bar Councils and State Bar Councils.
- Law Commission of India (1958): Recommended establishment of All India Bar Councils and State Bar Councils
- Nodal ministry: Ministry of Law and Justice ( Department of Legal Affairs) .
Composition of Bar Council of India
- Consists of both the elected as well as the ex-officio members.
- One member is elected by each SBC from amongst its members.
- Ex-Officio Members: The Attorney-General of India and the Solicitor-General of India are the ex-officio members.
- Chairman and Vice-Chairman: These are elected by the Council from amongst its members (tenure 2 years).
- Tenure: Members elected by an SBC shall be for the period for which he/she holds office as a member of that SBC.
- The members from the State Bar Councils are elected for five years.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Recently, India and which of the following countries have signed a bilateral cultural property agreement to facilitate the return of stolen and smuggled antiquities?
Correct
Why this question—>India-US agreement to thwart illegal trade of antiquities
- India and the United States of America (USA) have signed the ‘Cultural Property Agreement’ to prevent and curb the illicit trade of antiquities and simplify the process by which stolen and smuggled culture objects are returned to their country of origin.
Additional Information
- The agreement restricts the importation into the US of selected archaeological material dating to certain time periods and also ethnological articles, which may include categories of religious, royal architectural material, or manuscripts from 2nd century BCE to 1947. The arrangement will also be helpful in the quick seizure of Indian antiquities at US Customs and their repatriation, otherwise multiple agencies are involved, said the ministry officials.
Incorrect
Why this question—>India-US agreement to thwart illegal trade of antiquities
- India and the United States of America (USA) have signed the ‘Cultural Property Agreement’ to prevent and curb the illicit trade of antiquities and simplify the process by which stolen and smuggled culture objects are returned to their country of origin.
Additional Information
- The agreement restricts the importation into the US of selected archaeological material dating to certain time periods and also ethnological articles, which may include categories of religious, royal architectural material, or manuscripts from 2nd century BCE to 1947. The arrangement will also be helpful in the quick seizure of Indian antiquities at US Customs and their repatriation, otherwise multiple agencies are involved, said the ministry officials.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
‘Hannibal Directive’ recently seen in news is related to:
Correct
Why this question—>Death before capture: What is the Israeli military’s Hannibal Directive? | Explained News – The Indian Express
- ‘Hannibal Directive’ recently seen in the news is related to Defence.
Additional Information
- The Hannibal Directive is the name of a controversial procedure used by Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) to prevent the capture of Israeli soldiers by enemy forces OR It is a purported operational doctrine of using maximum force to ensure no soldiers are captured, even if it means sacrificing military and civilian lives, a media investigation has found.
Incorrect
Why this question—>Death before capture: What is the Israeli military’s Hannibal Directive? | Explained News – The Indian Express
- ‘Hannibal Directive’ recently seen in the news is related to Defence.
Additional Information
- The Hannibal Directive is the name of a controversial procedure used by Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) to prevent the capture of Israeli soldiers by enemy forces OR It is a purported operational doctrine of using maximum force to ensure no soldiers are captured, even if it means sacrificing military and civilian lives, a media investigation has found.
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Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Which one of the following statements about the mini moon is correct?
Correct
Why this question—>Why Earth will temporarily get a ‘mini-moon’ in September | Explained News – The Indian Express
- Mini-moons are asteroids that fail to escape Earth’s gravity and end up orbiting the planet for some time.
Additional Information
- Mini-moons are usually very small and hard to detect — only four mini-moons of Earth have ever been discovered, and none are still orbiting Earth, according to a report by The Planetary Society.
- According to a new study, the Earth’s gravitational field will temporarily capture a small asteroid, called 2024 PT5, in late September.
- The asteroid will stay for two months before flying off into space. While gaining a “mini-moon” is not new for Earth, the phenomenon is rare.
- 2024 PT5 has come to visit from “the Arjuna asteroid belt, a secondary asteroid belt made of space rocks that follow orbits very similar to that of Earth” at an average distance to the Sun of about 150 million kilometres.
- 2024 PT5 could be a small fragment of the actual moon.
- Some researchers suggest that chances are 2024 PT5 does not qualify as a mini-moon. An asteroid has to orbit the Earth fully at least once — 2024 PT5 will perform a horseshoe-shaped orbit.
Incorrect
Why this question—>Why Earth will temporarily get a ‘mini-moon’ in September | Explained News – The Indian Express
- Mini-moons are asteroids that fail to escape Earth’s gravity and end up orbiting the planet for some time.
Additional Information
- Mini-moons are usually very small and hard to detect — only four mini-moons of Earth have ever been discovered, and none are still orbiting Earth, according to a report by The Planetary Society.
- According to a new study, the Earth’s gravitational field will temporarily capture a small asteroid, called 2024 PT5, in late September.
- The asteroid will stay for two months before flying off into space. While gaining a “mini-moon” is not new for Earth, the phenomenon is rare.
- 2024 PT5 has come to visit from “the Arjuna asteroid belt, a secondary asteroid belt made of space rocks that follow orbits very similar to that of Earth” at an average distance to the Sun of about 150 million kilometres.
- 2024 PT5 could be a small fragment of the actual moon.
- Some researchers suggest that chances are 2024 PT5 does not qualify as a mini-moon. An asteroid has to orbit the Earth fully at least once — 2024 PT5 will perform a horseshoe-shaped orbit.
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Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements in relation to Indus Water Treaty:
1.The Indus Water Treaty was brokered by the United Nations between India and Pakistan to allocate the waters of the Indus River system.
2.Under the treaty, India has control over the waters of the eastern rivers, namely the Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi.
3.It does not have any mechanism for dispute resolution.
How many of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Why this question—>Why India wants ‘review & modification’ of Indus Waters Treaty | Explained News – The Indian Express
Statement 1 is incorrect—>The Indus Water Treaty was brokered by the World Bank, not the United Nations, and it was signed between India and Pakistan in 1960 to manage the distribution of the waters of the Indus River system. Statement 2 is correct—>It allocated the three western rivers Indus, Chenab and Jhelum to Pakistan for unrestricted use, barring certain non-consumptive, agricultural and domestic uses by India and the three Eastern rivers Ravi, Beas and Sutlej were allocated to India for unrestricted usage. Statement 3 is incorrect—>The IWT provides a three-step dispute resolution mechanism under which “questions” on both sides can be resolved at the Permanent Commission, or can also be taken up at the inter-government level. - Unresolved differences between the countries on water-sharing can be addressed by the World Bank-appointed Neutral Expert (NE).
- Appeal from a Neutral Expert of WB can be referred to a Court of Arbitration set up by the World Bank.
Additional Information
- Under the Indus Waters Treaty, both countries must set up a Permanent Indus Commission, mandated to meet annually.
- It was signed by then-Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and former Pakistan President Ayub Khan in 1960.
- The treaty was brokered by the World Bank, which too is a signatory to the treaty.
- The World Bank’s role is to appoint a neutral expert in case of ‘technical’ differences, failing which the differences are escalated to a dispute for international arbitration
- The treaty gave India about 30% of the water carried out by the “Indus Rivers System” while Pakistan got 70% of the waters.(Source—>https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/why-india-wants-review-modification-of-indus-waters-treaty-9575076/)
Incorrect
Why this question—>Why India wants ‘review & modification’ of Indus Waters Treaty | Explained News – The Indian Express
Statement 1 is incorrect—>The Indus Water Treaty was brokered by the World Bank, not the United Nations, and it was signed between India and Pakistan in 1960 to manage the distribution of the waters of the Indus River system. Statement 2 is correct—>It allocated the three western rivers Indus, Chenab and Jhelum to Pakistan for unrestricted use, barring certain non-consumptive, agricultural and domestic uses by India and the three Eastern rivers Ravi, Beas and Sutlej were allocated to India for unrestricted usage. Statement 3 is incorrect—>The IWT provides a three-step dispute resolution mechanism under which “questions” on both sides can be resolved at the Permanent Commission, or can also be taken up at the inter-government level. - Unresolved differences between the countries on water-sharing can be addressed by the World Bank-appointed Neutral Expert (NE).
- Appeal from a Neutral Expert of WB can be referred to a Court of Arbitration set up by the World Bank.
Additional Information
- Under the Indus Waters Treaty, both countries must set up a Permanent Indus Commission, mandated to meet annually.
- It was signed by then-Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and former Pakistan President Ayub Khan in 1960.
- The treaty was brokered by the World Bank, which too is a signatory to the treaty.
- The World Bank’s role is to appoint a neutral expert in case of ‘technical’ differences, failing which the differences are escalated to a dispute for international arbitration
- The treaty gave India about 30% of the water carried out by the “Indus Rivers System” while Pakistan got 70% of the waters.(Source—>https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/why-india-wants-review-modification-of-indus-waters-treaty-9575076/)