November 6th
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements in relation to the Forest Survey of India (FSI):
1. The National Commission on Agriculture recommendation led to the creation of the Forest Survey of India.
2.It is a statutory body under the union Ministry of Environment and Forests.
3.To develop a database on forest tree resources is one of the functions of FSI.
How many of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Solution
Statement 1 is correct—>In its report in 1976, the National Commission on Agriculture (NCA) recommended the creation of a National Forest Survey Organization for a regular, periodic and comprehensive forest resources survey of the country leading to creation of FSI. Statement 2 is incorrect—> Forest Survey of India (FSI), is a premier national organization under the union Ministry of Environment and Forests, responsible for assessment and monitoring of the forest resources of the country regularly Statement 3 is correct—>To develop a database on forest tree resources is one of the functions of FSI. Additional Information
- Established on June 1,1981, the Forest Survey of India succeeded the “Preinvestment Survey of Forest Resources” (PISFR), a project initiated in 1965 by the Government of India with the sponsorship of FAO and UNDP.
Objectives:
To prepare State of Forest Report biennially, providing assessment of latest forest cover in the country and monitoring changes in these.
- To conduct inventory in forest and non-forest areas and develop database on forest tree resources.
- To prepare thematic maps on 1:50,000 scale, using aerial photographs.
- To function as a nodal agency for collection, compilation, storage and dissemination of spatial database on forest resources.
- To conduct training of forestry personnel in application of technologies related to resources survey, remote sensing, GIS, etc.
- To strengthen research & development infrastructure in FSI and to conduct research on applied forest survey techniques.
- To support State/UT Forest Departments (SFD) in forest resources survey, mapping and inventory.
- To undertake forestry related special studies/consultancies and custom made training courses for SFD’s and other organisations on project basis.
Incorrect
Solution
Statement 1 is correct—>In its report in 1976, the National Commission on Agriculture (NCA) recommended the creation of a National Forest Survey Organization for a regular, periodic and comprehensive forest resources survey of the country leading to creation of FSI. Statement 2 is incorrect—> Forest Survey of India (FSI), is a premier national organization under the union Ministry of Environment and Forests, responsible for assessment and monitoring of the forest resources of the country regularly Statement 3 is correct—>To develop a database on forest tree resources is one of the functions of FSI. Additional Information
- Established on June 1,1981, the Forest Survey of India succeeded the “Preinvestment Survey of Forest Resources” (PISFR), a project initiated in 1965 by the Government of India with the sponsorship of FAO and UNDP.
Objectives:
To prepare State of Forest Report biennially, providing assessment of latest forest cover in the country and monitoring changes in these.
- To conduct inventory in forest and non-forest areas and develop database on forest tree resources.
- To prepare thematic maps on 1:50,000 scale, using aerial photographs.
- To function as a nodal agency for collection, compilation, storage and dissemination of spatial database on forest resources.
- To conduct training of forestry personnel in application of technologies related to resources survey, remote sensing, GIS, etc.
- To strengthen research & development infrastructure in FSI and to conduct research on applied forest survey techniques.
- To support State/UT Forest Departments (SFD) in forest resources survey, mapping and inventory.
- To undertake forestry related special studies/consultancies and custom made training courses for SFD’s and other organisations on project basis.
-
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki, a volcano that recently exploded, is located in:
Correct
Solution
- Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki, a volcano that recently exploded, is located in Indonesia.
Incorrect
Solution
- Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki, a volcano that recently exploded, is located in Indonesia.
-
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
With reference to the Satnami Movement, consider the following statements:
1. The Satnami movement in Central India was founded by Ghasidas
2. The Satnami Samaj believes in deity worship.
3. Members of the Satnami Samaj, also known as the Satnam Panth, are largely Scheduled Castes.
How many of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Solution
Statement 1 is correct—> Ghasidas founded the Satnami movement in Central India by working among leatherworkers and organising a campaign to enhance their social standing. Statement 2 is incorrect—> In Satnami Samaj, people do not worship idols. They revere the Jaitkham and Gaddi (throne/seat). Jaitkham is a sign for the most renowned Guru, Ghasidas Baba ji. Statement 3 is correct—>Members of the Satnami Samaj, also known as the Satnam Panth, are largely Scheduled Castes. Incorrect
Solution
Statement 1 is correct—> Ghasidas founded the Satnami movement in Central India by working among leatherworkers and organising a campaign to enhance their social standing. Statement 2 is incorrect—> In Satnami Samaj, people do not worship idols. They revere the Jaitkham and Gaddi (throne/seat). Jaitkham is a sign for the most renowned Guru, Ghasidas Baba ji. Statement 3 is correct—>Members of the Satnami Samaj, also known as the Satnam Panth, are largely Scheduled Castes. -
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements in relation to Dedicated Freight Corridors:
1.Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor runs from Delhi to Kolkata in West Bengal.
2.Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited ,a statutory body, has been established for the construction, operation, and maintenance of the corridors.
3.The creation of DFCs was announced in Parliament during the Railway Budget for FY 2005-06.
How many of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Solution
Statement 1 is incorrect—> Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor (EDFC) runs from Sonnagar in Bihar to Sahnewal in Punjab Statement 2 is incorrect—> On October 30, 2006, Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) was incorporated as a Special Purpose Vehicle for the construction, operation, and maintenance of the corridors. Statement 3 is correct—>.The creation of DFCs was announced in Parliament during the Railway Budget for FY 2005-06. Additional Information
- Dedicated Freight Corridors (DFCs) are specific routes for freight transportation, which offer higher transport capacity due to the faster transit of freight trains, running of double stack container trains, and heavy haul trains. This improves the supply chain for the industries/logistics players located at economic centres along the way, leading to growth of export-import traffic too.
-
- Currently, two DFCs are operational:
- Currently, two DFCs are operational:
- Eastern dedicated freight corridor (EDFC):
- Route: Covers approximately 1,856 km from Ludhiana (Punjab) to Dankuni (West Bengal).
- Operations: Fully commissioned, primarily transporting coal, steel, and agricultural products.
- Western dedicated freight corridor (WDFC):
-
- Route: Stretches about 1,504 km from Dadri (Uttar Pradesh) to Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) in Maharashtra.
- Operations: 93% complete, facilitating around 125 trains per day, with full completion expected by December 2025.
- Present Status of DFCs:
-
- DFCs now handle over 10% of Indian Railways’ freight.
- Need for Dedicated Freight Corridors:
-
- Congestion relief: Existing railway corridors, particularly the Golden Quadrilateral, are heavily burdened with over 50% of freight traffic on only 16% of track length, causing delays and inefficiencies.
- Boost to Freight Share: Railways’ share in national freight traffic was declining; DFCs aim to elevate this to 45% by 2030, addressing the need for a more sustainable and efficient freight system.
- Economic efficiency: Faster, dedicated freight lines lower overall logistics costs, helping reduce commodity prices and fostering economic growth.
Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India - DFCCIL was incorporated as a schedule A company under the Company’s Act 1956 on 30th October 2006.
- Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL), is responsible for planning & development, mobilization of financial resources, construction, operation & maintenance, and business development of the dedicated freight corridors.
Incorrect
Solution
Statement 1 is incorrect—> Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor (EDFC) runs from Sonnagar in Bihar to Sahnewal in Punjab Statement 2 is incorrect—> On October 30, 2006, Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) was incorporated as a Special Purpose Vehicle for the construction, operation, and maintenance of the corridors. Statement 3 is correct—>.The creation of DFCs was announced in Parliament during the Railway Budget for FY 2005-06. Additional Information
- Dedicated Freight Corridors (DFCs) are specific routes for freight transportation, which offer higher transport capacity due to the faster transit of freight trains, running of double stack container trains, and heavy haul trains. This improves the supply chain for the industries/logistics players located at economic centres along the way, leading to growth of export-import traffic too.
-
- Currently, two DFCs are operational:
- Currently, two DFCs are operational:
- Eastern dedicated freight corridor (EDFC):
- Route: Covers approximately 1,856 km from Ludhiana (Punjab) to Dankuni (West Bengal).
- Operations: Fully commissioned, primarily transporting coal, steel, and agricultural products.
- Western dedicated freight corridor (WDFC):
-
- Route: Stretches about 1,504 km from Dadri (Uttar Pradesh) to Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) in Maharashtra.
- Operations: 93% complete, facilitating around 125 trains per day, with full completion expected by December 2025.
- Present Status of DFCs:
-
- DFCs now handle over 10% of Indian Railways’ freight.
- Need for Dedicated Freight Corridors:
-
- Congestion relief: Existing railway corridors, particularly the Golden Quadrilateral, are heavily burdened with over 50% of freight traffic on only 16% of track length, causing delays and inefficiencies.
- Boost to Freight Share: Railways’ share in national freight traffic was declining; DFCs aim to elevate this to 45% by 2030, addressing the need for a more sustainable and efficient freight system.
- Economic efficiency: Faster, dedicated freight lines lower overall logistics costs, helping reduce commodity prices and fostering economic growth.
Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India - DFCCIL was incorporated as a schedule A company under the Company’s Act 1956 on 30th October 2006.
- Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL), is responsible for planning & development, mobilization of financial resources, construction, operation & maintenance, and business development of the dedicated freight corridors.
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
With reference to Basic Structure of the Constitution, consider the following statements:
1.The Doctrine of Basic Structure of the Constitution is expressly provided for in the Article 13 of the Constitution.
2. The Supreme Court in Waman Rao Case, 1981 clarified that Doctrine of Basic Structure would apply to all the Constitutional Amendment Acts enacted after the date of the Kesavananda Bharati Case Judgment.
3.Validity of a law cannot be challenged for violating the Basic Structure of the Constitution.
How many of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Solution
Statement 1 is incorrect—> The Doctrine of Basic Structure of the Constitution is not expressly provided for in the Constitution. - It is, actually, a judicial doctrine, which has evolved through a series of judgments of the Supreme Court on cases related to the amending power of the Parliament.
Statement 2 is correct—>The Supreme Court in Waman Rao Case, 1981 clarified that Doctrine of Basic Structure would apply to all the Constitutional Amendment Acts enacted after the date of the Kesavananda Bharati Case Judgment. Statement 3 is correct—>Validity of a law cannot be challenged for violating the Basic Structure of the Constitution. Elements of the Basic Structure of the Indian Constitution
- The Supreme Court has not yet defined what constitutes the ‘basic structure’ of the Constitution. It has kept evolving the elements of basic structure through various judgments.
- The majority in Indira Nehru Gandhi versus Raj Narain held that the constitutional validity of a statute cannot be challenged for the violation of the basic structure doctrine.
- Some of the major elements of the Basic Structure of the Constitution are:
- Separation of powers between the legislature, the executive and the judiciary
- Federal character of the Constitution
- Unity and integrity of the nation
- Welfare State (socio-economic justice)
- Judicial Review
- Freedom and dignity of the individual
- Parliamentary system
- Rule of law
- Harmony and balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles
- Principle of Equality
- Free and fair elections
- Independence of Judiciary
- Limited Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution
- Effective access to justice
- Principles (or essence) underlying fundamental rights
- Powers of the Supreme Court under Articles 32, 136, 141 and 142
- Powers of the High Courts under Articles 226 and 227
Incorrect
Solution
Statement 1 is incorrect—> The Doctrine of Basic Structure of the Constitution is not expressly provided for in the Constitution. - It is, actually, a judicial doctrine, which has evolved through a series of judgments of the Supreme Court on cases related to the amending power of the Parliament.
Statement 2 is correct—>The Supreme Court in Waman Rao Case, 1981 clarified that Doctrine of Basic Structure would apply to all the Constitutional Amendment Acts enacted after the date of the Kesavananda Bharati Case Judgment. Statement 3 is correct—>Validity of a law cannot be challenged for violating the Basic Structure of the Constitution. Elements of the Basic Structure of the Indian Constitution
- The Supreme Court has not yet defined what constitutes the ‘basic structure’ of the Constitution. It has kept evolving the elements of basic structure through various judgments.
- The majority in Indira Nehru Gandhi versus Raj Narain held that the constitutional validity of a statute cannot be challenged for the violation of the basic structure doctrine.
- Some of the major elements of the Basic Structure of the Constitution are:
- Separation of powers between the legislature, the executive and the judiciary
- Federal character of the Constitution
- Unity and integrity of the nation
- Welfare State (socio-economic justice)
- Judicial Review
- Freedom and dignity of the individual
- Parliamentary system
- Rule of law
- Harmony and balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles
- Principle of Equality
- Free and fair elections
- Independence of Judiciary
- Limited Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution
- Effective access to justice
- Principles (or essence) underlying fundamental rights
- Powers of the Supreme Court under Articles 32, 136, 141 and 142
- Powers of the High Courts under Articles 226 and 227