Marketing of agricultural produce is a crucial link between farm production and farmers’ income. It includes storage, grading, transportation, processing, price discovery and sale of farm output. In India, farmers often face low price realisation not because of low production alone, but because of weak market access, poor storage, dominance of intermediaries, inadequate cold chains, fragmented mandis and limited bargaining power. Therefore, improving agricultural marketing is essential for reducing distress sale, promoting crop diversification, ensuring remunerative prices and making agriculture economically viable for farmers.
Conclusion
The challenges in agricultural marketing show that Indian agriculture needs reform not only at the production stage but also at the post-harvest and market stage. Farmers can benefit from higher output only when they have access to transparent price discovery, modern mandis, storage, cold chains, grading facilities, digital platforms, FPOs and wider market linkages. The way forward lies in creating a farmer-centric marketing ecosystem that reduces intermediaries, strengthens bargaining power, promotes value addition and ensures fair prices. Thus, efficient agricultural marketing is central to improving farmers’ income, reducing rural distress and making Indian agriculture more competitive and resilient.
Q1. Weak agricultural marketing is one of the major reasons for low price realisation by farmers in India. Discuss.
(150 words, 10 marks)
Q2. Examine the major challenges in marketing of agricultural produce in India. How do these challenges affect farmers’ income?
(150 words, 10 marks)
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