Bonds
Understand bonds, their characteristics and types, bond price and interest rate relationship, bond yield, coupon payments and the difference between bonds and debentures for UPSC Prelims.
Understand bonds, their characteristics and types, bond price and interest rate relationship, bond yield, coupon payments and the difference between bonds and debentures for UPSC Prelims.
Understand shares, their meaning, features, ways investors earn from shares, and the difference between equity and preference shares, including voting rights under the Companies Act, 2013 for UPSC Prelims.
Understand Section 152 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, its difference from sedition under Section 124A IPC, constitutional concerns, Supreme Court jurisprudence, safeguards and way forward for UPSC GS 2.
Understand euthanasia in India, the right to die with dignity under Article 21, evolution from Gian Kaur to Common Cause and Harish Rana, living wills, the best-interest test, challenges and way forward for UPSC GS 2.
Understand the Essential Religious Practices doctrine, its evolution through Supreme Court judgments, significance, criticisms, conflict with religious freedom and possible alternatives for UPSC GS 2.
Understand personality rights in India, including publicity and privacy rights, protection against deepfakes and AI impersonation, key judicial decisions, legal challenges and reforms for UPSC GS 2.
Understand the creamy-layer debate among SCs and STs, arguments for and against exclusion, key Supreme Court judgments including Jarnail Singh and Davinder Singh, and the way forward for UPSC GS 2.
Understand sub-categorisation of SCs and STs, its distinction from creamy-layer exclusion, the State of Punjab v. Davinder Singh judgment, significance, challenges and way forward for UPSC GS 2.
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